Ru|
En
Drainage pipes in a detached house should be mounted in accordance with current regulations SNIP 1985, the updated version of 2012 (JV 32.13330.2012). This article will discuss the main regulations, and rules, and techniques and recommendations that ensure the effective operation of the system.
Competent installation of drainage pipes under ground implies the use of quality materials. Plastic pipes and fittings made of PP (polypropylene) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) are used the most commonly. Their main advantages:
There are both smooth and corrugated (for increasing the ring stiffness and achievement better adherence to the ground) of the product.
For installation outdoor sewerage system you should use materials with more high resistance to destruction. Usually they are painted in orange color. Unlike water pipes, pipes for outdoor sewerage are made of heat-resistant polypropylene (random copolymer), which is designed for operation at temperatures up to 75 degrees Celsius.
For derivation of wastewater with load which is exceeding normal you should use cast iron pipes and fittings PAM-GLOBAL PLUS®. They are covered by layer of acrylic resin, so that pipes and fittings have additional protection against external influences. The system PAM-GLOBAL PLUS® is recommended for installation under ground, including areas with high humidity, also it can be used for industrial applications.
When you select the material, you should pay attention to characteristics of wastewater, as well as the influence of gas corrosion in top of manifolds (Sec. 6.1.4 SNIP 2.04.03-85). In accordance with para. 6.1.7. for the prevention of corrosion processes you should eliminate dead zones and provide ventilation of the system.
Rules installation of drainage pipes under ground require selection of diameter for pipes and fittings based on the volume of wastewater. Usually builders install pipes with diameters of 110 and 150 mm at domestic facilities. The updated version of SNIP 2.04.03-85 (paragraph 5.3.1) recommend diameter for gravity systems of 150 mm.
Before starting the installation you must carry out the preliminary work. Technology installation should meet the characteristics of the soil, in particular its frost effect.
For installation of the drainage system trench is excavateв, and the trench's depends on the climatic and structural characteristics of the region, as well as the surface load. The minimum depth is clearly defined in paragraph 6.2.4 of SNIP 2.04.03-85, and it is 0.7 m, and for at least 0.5 m from the frost line. Size of the trench depends on the diameter of drainage pipe and the depth of penetration zero temperature into the ground. In every region of the Russian Federation installation depth of pipeline systems is different:
The maximum depth of installation in accordance with SNIP 2.04.03-85 (. § 6.2.5) depends on many factors: the type of pipe's material, diameter, weather conditions and method of installation.
Drainage pipes are install uder ground in grooves with roofed 10-15 cm layer of sand - it compensates ground vibrations.And this pillow is not considered specified in SNIP norms depth installation.
Trench width is calculated depending on the diameter of pipeline. For domestic system the minimum distance between the wall of the groove and the pipe is 20 cm. For convenient operation, Experts recommend to expand the trench at output areas of the house and areas where pipeline inputs to the septic tank.
The external systems are installed open or nonexposed (with the use of reinforced concrete tray) methods. The pipes are installed in the trenches in direction away from the building. Areas for fixing can be treated with sanitary lubricant or detergent.
You should correctly set the angle of drainage pipe installation. Too big deviation will lead to siltation, and the small deviation will not provide adequate wastewater flow rate. So paragraph 5.5.1 SNIP 2.04.03-85 is stated the minimum values for the deviation of the outdoor drainage systems: 0.008 for diameter of 150 mm, and 0.007 for diameter of 200 mm. And the deviation can be reduce if it is justified by local conditions.
For normal operation of the system you should introduce other rules of installation pipes. There are individual cases that require a special approach. In particular, paragraph 6.7.1 of SNIP 2.04.03-85 involves the use of additional elements of structural reinforcement when the system intercross of roads and railway. This can be explained the increased load, which is compensated by installation drainage pipes in the case.